Friday, September 4, 2020

Choose one of brief Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pick one of brief - Coursework Example Further, MiCSHA needed to show what transforms it expected to make and that is simple or the crowd to comprehend. Brief one is immature contrasted with the subsequent one. The utilization of e-Cigarette has become a significant issue in the general public today. Numerous individuals today advocate for the utilization of the e-cigarette instead of smoking the tobacco ones, and that has prompted a conflict of feelings from various quarters. The fundamental thought is to create as much data in regards to the significance of these cigarettes and whether their dangers to human wellbeing can be countered by utilizing it. The delayed utility of e-cigarettes can be perilous to one’s wellbeing. The significant thing ought to be the making of a stage that permits everybody to utilize the accessible advancements for meeting the wellbeing needs of everybody. This short will try to recognize the qualities and characterize the significance of meeting the general needs of the general public by thinking of perfect measures to forestall the unforgiving real factors of tobacco smoking. This isn't centered around simply the effect of e-cigarettes yet in addition on the monetary and ecological parts of embracing its utilization. It is a sound choice to tobacco smoking and permits one to pick levels of nicotine and enhancing contrasted with ordinary cigarettes that are foreordained. It additionally permits the person to experience comparative sentiments when progressing in the direction of its utilization, for example, stress help similarly as noted in ordinary cigarettes (Ross). For those hoping to stop smoking, this is a smart thought that will help the odds of constraining nicotine utilization consistently. It costs nearly equivalent to the ordinary cigarettes and vaping is permitted in an assortment of states. This implies it will be simpler to keep appreciating these qualities while eliminating nicotine and enhancing wellbeing. With the expected advantages, it is exceptionally simple to use in the any piece of the state and doesn't

Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Philip Morris Essay

1.How would you depict Marlboro’s serious situation in mid 1993? Marlboro, the main cigarette brand for Philip Morris, was the predominant player in the premium valued market. While RJR was the second biggest player in the market, RJR’s cigarette brands were divided. Toward the finish of 1992, Marlboro had 24.4% unit piece of the pie, while every one of the RJR brand cigarettes had under 7% piece of the pie. Philip Morris, at 53% working commitment edge, was essentially more productive than RJR, at 34% working commitment edge. Marlboro was basically upheld by the greatest, most gainful player †Philip Morris. Philip Morris was likewise the predictable piece of the overall industry pioneer, in any event since 1988, over RJR and other a lot littler organizations. The business had supported benefit after some time. There we can reason that there are critical obstructions to passage in the cigarette advertise. Furthermore, the requirement for a solid conveyance coordinate with retailers and wholesalers added to the boundaries to passage into the market. Danger Examined on more detail later, Marlboro was confronting stuff rivalry during the 90s from rebate brands, especially RJR brands. While Marlboro, a superior brand, endured a consistently declining piece of the pie since 1989, markdown brands were rapidly picking up piece of the overall industry. 2.What is Marlboro’s advertising technique as of now? Marlboro situated itself as a top notch brand cigarette. While it played in the markdown fragment too, it was underdog to RJR marks in the rebate section. Marlboro went through a lot of cash in publicizing and advancements to order its exceptional evaluating. Marlboro got interchangeable with Iconic symbolism, for example, the â€Å"Marlboro man† and wild western nation pictures. This prompted Marlboro’s solid hold among youngsters. Marlboro outspent its rivals in promoting †burning through $3.5 million for each percent piece of the overall industry in 1992, contrasted with $2.1 million spend per percent piece of the overall industry by RJR. (RJR was centered around the markdown fragment by 1992) Marlboro additionally utilized its market capacity to take part in â€Å"Trade loading†, basically driving retailers to advance purchase and to load up on Marlboros not long before a cost increment. This most likely urged retailers to assign more rack space to Marlboro to get their inventories going from their stockrooms. 3.How does this contrast with R.J. Reynolds? RJR concentrated on its rebate image. RJR had constructed it self to the rebate fragment piece of the pie chief with 33% markdown section share by 1992. RJR conveyed around 200 brands under its umbrella. While they had national brands, they additionally made individual brands for every retailer, bringing about a string circulation framework. This was presumably generally welcomed by the retailers since a cigarette was one of the most gainful items sold in stores. RJR not just slice cost to build rebate piece of the pie, yet additionally put resources into value advancements. Their development during the 90s had dropped by taking piece of the pie from premium brands during a recessionary period. 4.What records for Philip Morris’ emotional move in system in April 1993? What are its objectives? 6. What sort of industry future does Philip Morris foresee? Market move (Consumer conduct and guideline) The 1990’s was a recessionary period in the US. While cigarette smokers were accepted to be faithful to their brands (and are commonly extremely clingy customers), there was a stamped move in the rise of markdown brands. In a range of 11 years (1981-1992), the piece of the overall industry for markdown marks in the US went from 0 to 30%. In the mean time, Marlboro was consistently loosing piece of the overall industry, loosing 2 piece of the pie rate focuses from 1989 to 1992. Furthermore, the administrative atmosphere was squeezing cost. While government charges were on the ascent, limitations on publicizing of cigarettes were developing, the two of which made selling cigarettes increasingly costly. It very well may be contended that with the rising mindfulness among buyer on the risks of smoking this upward weight on cost from an administrative point of view would persevere in the medium term. RJR Phillp Morris was likewise probably stressed over the forceful cost slices and advancements by RJR to build its piece of the overall industry. Objectives of Philip Morris Strategy Philip Morris required a forceful serious reaction to tacklethe dangers of: declining piece of the overall industry, expanding portion of rebate brands, guideline, and RJR’s advancements and value cuts. They chose to forcefully assault the current rebate brands and make the Philip Morris brand essentially more cost serious. Philip Morris successfully cut cost by 20%, making 2 levels of cigarette evaluating (from 3 levels previously). Their top notch items were currently essentially progressively serious, contrasted with the rebate marks due with their discounted cost and existing solid brand picture. Philip Morris were wagering that a huge part of customers would analyze their top notch item as cost serious with the markdown marks, and would picked Marlboro because of its boss image picture and practically identical costs. They basically needed to dominate the estimating match and lead with their image. Shockingly, they somewhat expanded the cost of their markdown image by a unimportant 6 pennies. This was most likely to limit the range in which the estimating war could be played by different players. Industry Outlook for Philip Morris Most likely with the purchaser conduct move and the inexorably unfriendly administrative atmosphere depicted above, Philip Morris sees the business edges getting more slender and acknowledges it will get continuously harder to get new buyers. In this manner pulling in overwhelming smokers gets key for development and long haul gainfulness. Also, Marlboro sees the market as value touchy, particularly for overwhelming smokers. Pulling in and holding this fragment isn't just a marking game yet in addition a valuing game too since there is a high recurrence of rehash buys. 5.How ought to R.J. Reynolds react? As I would see it, RJR needs to â€Å"make good† (alternative 3 beneath) with Philip Morris. The three alternatives for RJR are: Battle with a further cost cut or increment in promoting: not exclusively will this choice further dissolve industry edges, yet additionally RJR will likely get squashed in a value/publicizing war against the a lot bigger and progressively effective Philip Morris. Never really: hazard loss of its markdown piece of the overall industry predominance to Philip Morris. Cost increment (â€Å"make good†): Philip Morris is obviously flagging that it will play forcefully in the markdown section, and in the war for buyers moving or prone to move to the rebate fragment. With a slight cost increment, RJR can motion toward Philip Morris that it wouldn't like to participate in a further value war, and it will keep up industry gainfulness. Such community conduct is presumably best for the two players in the business. Also, since RJR has a solid dissemination with customized brands for retail outlets, it should concentrate on building its capacity in such brands. The restricted brands are seemingly a marginally unexpected turf in comparison to just battling the game as large national brands (where Marlboro is solid with its prevailing image symbolism), and nearby retail marking is RJRs fortification.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Strategic Workforce Planning and Employment Decisions

Key Workforce Planning and Employment Decisions Key Workforce Planning includes breaking down and determining the ability that organizations need to execute their business procedure, proactively as opposed to responsively, it is a basic vital movement, empowering the association to recognize, create and continue the workforce aptitudes it needs to effectively achieve its vital aim while adjusting profession and way of life objectives of its representatives. Vital Workforce Planning is a moderately new administration process that is being utilized progressively to assist control with working expenses, evaluate ability needs, settle on educated business choices, and survey ability advertise chances as a feature of generally endeavor hazard the board. Vital workforce arranging is planned for helping organizations ensure they have the ideal individuals in the correct spot at the ideal time and at the correct cost Through Strategic Workforce Planning associations gain understanding into what individuals the association will require, and what individuals will be accessible to address those issues. In making this comprehension of the holes between an associations request and the accessible workforce gracefully, associations will have the option to make and target projects, approaches and create techniques to close the holes. Steps in Workforce Planning 1. Condition Scan Condition ÂÂ SCANNING Ââ is a type of business insight. With regards to Workforce Planning it is utilized to distinguish the arrangement of realities or conditions that encompass a workforce circumstance or occasion. 2. Current Workforce Profile Current State is a profile of the interest and gracefully factors both inside and remotely of the workforce the association has today. 3. Future Workforce View View is deciding the associations needs considering the rising patterns and issues distinguished during the Environment Scanning. Future View is regularly where the various methodologies recognized above are applied: Quantitative futuring: understanding the future you are at present following to by guaging; Qualitative futuring: situation arranging potential elective prospects as far as abilities and socioeconomics to convey the business procedure. 4. Examination and Targeted Future Subjective and quantitative futuring makes the substance for an authoritative unit to break down and recognize basic components. As the basic components are recognized the Targeted Future starts to take structure. The focused on future is the future that the association is going to focus similar to the best fit regarding business methodology and is feasible given the encompassing components (inward/outer, gracefully/request). 5. Shutting the Gaps Shutting the holes is about the individuals the board (HR) projects and practices that convey the workforce required for now and tomorrow. The procedure is tied in with deciding suitable activities to close the holes and in this manner convey the focused on future. There are 8 key territories that Closing the Gaps needs to concentrate on Resourcing, Learning and Development, Compensation, Mechanical Relations, Enrollment, Maintenance, Information Management, Employment structure. Technique Development Create techniques for workforce progress. Essential Information to Include in the Workforce Plan: Rundown explicit objectives to address workforce competency holes or surpluses (may incorporate the accompanying): Changes in hierarchical structure Progression arranging Maintenance programs Enlistment plans Profession improvement programs Initiative turn of events Hierarchical preparing and representative turn of events See how the lawful and hierarchical structures for work of staff Assess the current legitimate prerequisites affecting a HR plan Portray a procedure for enrollment and determination of new staff (outside up-and-comers) that consents to current enactment and hierarchical necessities Ans2 HR are the members as additionally the recipients of monetary advancement process. In that, HR figure on the interest just as the flexibly side of creation of merchandise and ventures in the economy. On the interest side, products and ventures delivered are utilized by the people to mitigate destitution, improve wellbeing, create better day to day environments, upgrade general instructive levels and give better offices to preparing. Use of merchandise and ventures in this way prompts an improvement of nature of HR. On the flexibly side, HR and capital structure basic elements of creation frameworks which change regular and physical assets into products and ventures. Correlatively between HR and capital is near the point that ideal increments in yield and thus ideal financial development is beyond the realm of imagination through increments in one of them either HR or capital at the expense of the other. ÂÂ Some development obviously can be had from the expansion in progressively ordinary capital despite the fact that the work that is accessible is missing both in aptitude and information. In any case, the pace of development will be genuinely restricted. It basically is preposterous to expect to have the products of present day agribusiness and the bounty of current industry without making enormous interests in individuals. There is an ideal proportion of HR to capital which must be kept up to arrive at the feasible pace of monetary development. Given the enrichment of capital and other material assets, HR could quicken the creation procedure and thus financial development. Simultaneously, exceptional development in HR, lopsided to the example of amassing of capital and other material assets could prevent improvement. Pace of development in HR, thus, is controlled by the two components of HR: Quantity and Quality. Amount of HR is controlled by factors, for example, populace arrangement, populace structure, relocation, and work power investment. Nature of HR, then again, is impacted by the status of factors like: instruction and preparing wellbeing and sustenance, and uniformity of chance. In this Unit we will consider the two elements of HR: Quantity and Quality in setting of HRP by and large and furthermore in the travel industry. 1. QUANTITATIVE DIMENSIONS OF HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING HR saw as the beneficial intensity of individuals establish just one of the two pieces of populace of any economy. The other being the people with no profitable force. Populace Populace of a nation, from a nonexclusive perspective, is taken as establishing the totality of every single individual of the nation. The idea of populace, saw as such, has all the earmarks of being basic. In any case, in all actuality, the definitions utilized differ from nation to nation as well as even inside a nation relying upon the reason for enquiry. Extensively, the meanings of populace utilized might be sorted into accepted and by right. A true (or present-in-zone) idea includes total tally of all people inhabitants and non-occupants the same genuinely present in the nation at the hour of specification. A by law idea requires total check of all people viewed as typical inhabitants of the nation, regardless of where every individual is situated, at the hour of the evaluation. Severe adjustment to both of these ideas is unimaginable due to troubles in count like: nationals living abroad, itinerant populace, occupants in incredibly remote zones, and populace in upset territories. Added to this, are the authoritative challenges strategic, money related and human of recording everybody simultaneously. There is along these lines a level of error in the evaluation of populace of any nation. The more noteworthy the number to be tallied as well as the bigger the zone to be secured the bigger is the level of error. HR being a vital piece of populace, development of HR is normally subject to the development of populace. Populace development, thusly, is dictated by three components: Population arrangements, populace structure and movement. a) Population Policies Regarding State mediation in populace arranging, it is helpful to recognize populace impacting strategies and populace responsive arrangements. The previous are expectant in nature and work through the segment sub-framework by affecting variables principally answerable for populace development, for example, fruitfulness, marriage and mortality. The last are basically responsive in character which are frequently actualized through the financial sub-framework to oblige or acclimate to watched segment patterns with the assistance of projects like wellbeing, sustenance, training, lodging, transport arrange extension and business advancement. In an over-populated economy, adequately powerful populace affecting arrangements alongside suitable populace responsive strategies (reciprocal in nature) may be the ideal populace strategy structure. Regardless, understanding the structure and example of development of populace is fundamental for advancing a fitting mix of populace impacting and populace responsive approaches towards accomplishing an ideal populace arrangement system. b) Population Structure Populace is a unique idea. Therefore, structure or sythesis of populace anytime of time uncovers two things: First, it is the consequence of collaboration in the past among factors causing populace development. Second, it uncovers the potential for future development in populace. To the extent that populace development is worried, there are two parts of populace piece which are generally significant: Sex organization and age structure: I) Sex Composition The chief proportion of sex organization is the sex proportion characterized as the number guys per 100 females. As such: Number of guys in the populace Sex proportion = ÃÆ'-100 Number of females in the populace One hundred is the purpose of harmony between guys

Hindu Astrology and Free Will :: essays research papers

Companions when we talk about crystal gazing, we mess up in rajyogas, duryogas, promising occurrences, ominous happenings, etc. I don't think we ever continue to look out 'genuinely' past that. At that point comes out the most disputable and discussed subject what we call 'unrestrained choice'. In the event that everything has been pre-predetermined, what the heck we are taking a stab at? Is there any fallen angel composing our destinies constantly and having a great time? A major No, all the holy people say that no one else, yet only we are liable for our situation. Vivekananda says Remain upon your feet and assume the liability of your present winning conditions as opposed to being a quitter idealist passing all the faults upon Almighty. Our Seers were not minor celestial prophets or crystal gazers, yet they were creators. Without the assistance of any outer guide they found such a great amount of just by diving deep inside. They found the laws of nature and their impact upon individuals. On the off chance that we simply cause a to go with various yogas, at that point soothsaying is by all accounts unimportant resignation unfit to stretch out any guide to come out of the endless loop what we term as predetermination. For this situation soothsaying appears to have lost its ground. The fate of destiny leaves soothsaying good for nothing. Basically in light of the fact that the past has just passed, the present has been chosen and the future has just been composed. I began crystal gazing in the year 1998. Till the finish of 2003 I was a serious passivist. During these 5 years I read practically all the writing of Vivekananda and Yogananda, the well known kriya yogi who left his human body in the year 1950. In those books I read a great deal about the purported through and through freedom of individuals however with little conviction. Since as an Astrologer I was seeing routinely that fate couldn’t be changed. In any case, the most recent two years changed my entire recognition. I saw well what those incredible holy people intended to state. At the point when they discussed the through and through freedom, they were not worried only about the human body made of five tatvas of Nature to be specific water, air, earth, fire and ether. Truth be told they were discussing the unrestrained choice of the soul, which occupies everyone. The body and brain are limited in the Nature's laws, and along these lines, appreciate almost no opportunity. At the point when you pass by the orders of psyche, you step by step invalidate yourself by being the captive of faculties.

Friday, August 21, 2020

The Conservation Of Momentum Environmental Sciences Essay

The Conservation Of Momentum Environmental Sciences Essay The preservation of energy was appeared in three kinds of crashes, versatile, inelastic and dangerous. By getting mass and speeds for two trucks during the impact the adjustment in force and active vitality was found. In a flexible impact of equivalent massess ÃŽP = Pf-Pi =-8.595 and ÃŽKE = KEf-Kei = - 4.762. In an inelastic impact of equivalent massess ÃŽP = - 12.989 and ÃŽKE = - 43.14. In an unstable impact of equivalent massess ÃŽP = - 448.038 and ÃŽKE = - 118.211. This shows protection of force is preserved in versatile and inelastic conditions because of their exceptionally low change in energy; anyway dynamic vitality is saved in the flexible impact however not in the inelastic crash. In a hazardous crash energy isn't preserved since the two items start very still with no force and addition force once moving inverse. Presentation Much the same as Newtons laws, the protection of energy is a central head in material science that is necessary in every day life. Anyway not at all like Newtons laws, the protection of force doesn't appear to be altogether instinctive. On the off chance that a ball is tossed noticeable all around some force is by all accounts misfortune to the air. This makes demonstrating the protection of force precarious and hard to do in a genuine setting. To quantify the preservation of energy in the lab, two trucks will be utilized along a frictionless track. This permits figuring to be simpler since the vectors will be moving along just a single pivot. Thusly positive course can be development to one side while negative bearing can be development to one side. One truck will have an unclogger which is shot out by a spring that will change over its potential vitality to motor vitality of the truck. This will thump the other truck and its energy will be moved either halfway or completely. These speeds of the two trucks will be estimated by a diagramming gadget. This is appeared in chart 1. Outline 1. Force is delivered by mass and speed, at the end of the day: p = mv. It is essential to call attention to that force isn't moderated on an item by object premise, anyway it is preserved for the segregated framework. This is appeared in the condition: Psystem = P1 + P2. Thusly on the off chance that force is monitored, at that point the underlying energy of the whole framework should rise to the last energy of the whole framework. Along these lines this can be appeared in the condition where: Psystem, beginning = Psystem, last M1 X V1i + M2 X V2i = M1 X V1f + M2 X V2f In the lab impacts will be appeared to outline the preservation of energy. In flexible crashes vitality is constantly rationed. Lamentably for this lab motor vitality can be changed over into heat with the goal that vitality is lost to practical estimations. On the off chance that the vitality is rationed, the crash is viewed as flexible, yet on the off chance that the vitality isn't monitored, at that point the impact is viewed as inelastic. Dynamic vitality is vitality related with movement where an item with mass and moving with a specific speed the condition is: KE = Â ½ m |v|2 This permits to discover the misfortune or increase in vitality of a framework much like for force where the change in motor vitality of a framework is controlled by the condition: ÃŽKESYS = KEsys,final KEsys,intial For the two crashes expressed before if ÃŽKESYS is equivalent to zero the impact is viewed as flexible, be that as it may on the off chance that ÃŽKESYS doesn't approach zero, at that point the impact is viewed as inelastic. There is likewise another sort of crash that will be resolved in this lab called a hazardous impact. This can be considered something contrary to an inelastic crash since the vitality isn't saved on the grounds that the dynamic vitality is changed for potential vitality to motor vitality. These three sorts of impacts will be estimated in the lab under contrasting conditions and the adjustment in force and motor vitality of the framework will be determined. System In the lab the force and motor vitality will be determined by estimating various speeds for the two trucks at various masses. Two trucks will be set along a frictionless track. As expressed before this takes into consideration simpler estimations since it permits working just in one measurement. One of the trucks utilized has an unclogger while the other vehicle is only a customary vehicle. The two trucks have various sides which will permit the copying of the diverse impact types. For and flexible impact the unclogger truck will be set against the side of the slope and afterward set off by a little bit of wood. It will the thump the other truck and copy a versatile impact on the grounds that the trucks have magnets confronting each other that will help ration vitality and force by having the contrary sides face one another. Having magnets of inverse charge face each other assistance keep the impact versatile since significant contact between the two trucks can change over motor vitality into heat and will be lost. This will be done in three distinct manners, first having equivalent mass trucks, second having the unclogger truck heavier than the ordinary truck, and in conclusion by having the unclogger truck lighter than the standard truck. The speeds for these trucks will be estimated for the distinctive variable for six unique path and found the middle value of. For the inelastic the set up will be indistinguishable but to copy this crash the trucks will have Velcro sides that will confront one another and cause the trucks to stay together once they hit one another. This will be done in three unique manners like the flexible crash, first having equivalent mass trucks, second having the unclogger truck heavier than the ordinary truck, and in conclusion by having the unclogger truck lighter than the customary truck. The speeds for these trucks will be estimated for the distinctive variable for six unique path and found the middle value of too. For the dangerous crash the two trucks will be sitting close to one another. The unclogger vehicle will have its unclogger looked toward the adjoining customary vehicle so when the catch is squeezed the will move away from one another in inverse ways. This might be done in two unique manners, one way having the trucks equivalent in mass and one different ways have one truck heavier than the other truck. The speeds for these trucks will be estimated for the diverse variable for six unique path and found the middle value of too. Results Table 1. Flexible Collision Data Flexible Equivalent Mass customary vehicle (g) 506.2 unclogger vehicle (g) 503.3 v1 (m/2) v1f (m/s) v2f (m/s) Pi = m1vi1+ m2 vi2 Pf = m1vf1 + m2 vf2 Kei = .5m1vi1 + .v5m2vi2 Kef= .5m1vf1 + .v5m2vf2 0.5 0 0.483 251.65 244.4946 62.9125 59.04545 0.494 0 0.482 248.6302 243.9884 61.41166 58.8012 0.574 0 0.505 288.8942 255.631 82.91264 64.54683 0.422 0 0.405 212.3926 205.011 44.81484 41.51473 ÃŽP = Pf-Pi 0.482 0 0.496 242.5906 251.0752 58.46433 62.26665 - 8.595433333 0.516 0 0.498 259.7028 252.0876 67.00332 62.76981 ÃŽKE = KEf-KEi normal 250.6434 242.048 62.91988 58.15744 - 4.762437183 Flexible Substantial Int. customary vehicle (g) 506.2 unclogger vehicle (g) 1000.9 v1 (m/2) v1f (m/s) v2f (m/s) Pi = m1vi1+ m2 vi2 Pf = m1vf1 + m2 vf2 Kei = .5m1vi1 + .v5m2vi2 Kef= .5m1vf1 + .v5m2vf2 0.412 0 0.501 294.3059 237.5554 84.94838 63.52835 0.502 0 0.59 310.6885 245.6916 126.1154 88.10411 0.321 0 0.466 324.3081 244.3456 51.56687 54.96218 0.462 0 0.544 337.2292 242.4102 106.818 74.9014 ÃŽP = Pf-Pi 0.51 0 0.602 354.5463 242.5007 130.167 91.72445 - 81.71491849 0.486 0 0.52 324.2156 242.5007 118.2043 68.43824 ÃŽKE = KEf-KEi normal 324.2156 242.5007 102.97 73.60979 - 29.36021623 Flexible Light Int. customary vehicle (g) 1003.8 unclogger vehicle (g) 503.3 v1 (m/2) v1f (m/s) v2f (m/s) Pi = m1vi1+ m2 vi2 Pf = m1vf1 + m2 vf2 Kei = .5m1vi1 + .v5m2vi2 Kef= .5m1vf1 + .v5m2vf2 0.563 0 0.309 468.8014 310.1742 79.76525 47.92191 0.396 0 0.243 495.1158 243.9234 39.46275 29.63669 0.697 0 0.351 523.2297 352.3338 122.2538 61.83458 0.554 0 0.296 563.0325 297.1248 77.23541 43.97447 ÃŽP = Pf-Pi 0.596 0 0.343 610.7959 344.3034 89.39011 59.04803 - 227.7090311 0.493 0 0.278 532.195 279.0564 61.16328 38.78884 ÃŽKE = KEf-KEi normal 532.195 304.486 78.21177 46.86742 - 31.34434946 For the flexible crash with equivalent masses the adjustment in force and dynamic vitality is each little. Where as in the other two techniques the adjustment in force is a lot bigger since the majority where distinctive then the change in dynamic vitality. Table 2. Inelastic Collision Data Inelastic Equivalent Mass standard vehicle (g) 506.2 unclogger vehicle (g) 503.3 v1 (m/2) v1f (m/s) v2f (m/s) Pi = m1vi1+ m2 vi2 Pf = m1vf1 + m2 vf2 Kei = .5m1vi1 + .v5m2vi2 Kef= .5m1vf1 + .v5m2vf2 0.622 0.292 0.297 313.0526 297.305 97.35936 43.78238 0.481 0.242 0.243 242.0873 244.8052 58.222 29.68293 0.619 0.289 0.289 311.5427 291.7455 96.42247 42.15722 0.602 0.276 0.274 302.9866 277.6096 91.19897 38.17143 ÃŽP = Pf-Pi 0.51 0.236 0.237 256.683 238.7482 65.45417 28.23227 - 12.98885 0.502 0.248 0.249 252.6566 250.8622 63.41681 31.16993 ÃŽKE = KEf-KEi normal 279.8348 266.846 78.67896 35.5327 - 43.14626406 Inelastic Overwhelming Int. ordinary vehicle (g) 506.2 unclogger vehicle (g) 1000.9 v1 (m/2) v1f (m/s) v2f (m/s) Pi Pi = m1vi1+ m2 vi2 Pf = m1vf1 + m2 vf2 Kei = .5m1vi1 + .v5m2vi2 0.495 0.322 0.321 319.6722 484.78 122.6228 77.96833 0.506 0.343 0.342 323.0093 516.4291 128.1332 88.48103 0.497 0.317 0.318 336.2746 478.2569 123.6157 75.8842 0.499 0.312 0.312 352.9982 470.2152 124.6126 73.35357 ÃŽP = Pf-Pi 0.323 0.211 0.208 367.6309 316.4795 52.21145 33.23065 115.4745216 0.486 0.31 0.308 339.917 466.1886 118.2043 72.10332 ÃŽKE = KEf-KEi normal 339.917 455.3916 111.5667 70.17019 - 41.39646683 Inelastic Light Int. ordinary vehicle (g) 1003.8 unclogger vehicle (g) 503.3 v1 (m/2) v1f (m/s) v2f (m/s) Pi Pi = m1vi1+ m2 vi2 Pf = m1vf1 + m2 vf2 Kei = .5m1vi1 +

Thursday, August 6, 2020

2018 Charles B. Rangel International Affairs Program applications are live COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

2018 Charles B. Rangel International Affairs Program applications are live COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The Charles B. Rangel International Affairs Program is now accepting applications for the 2018 Rangel International Affairs Graduate Fellowship Program at www.rangelprogram.org. The Rangel Graduate Fellowship is a U.S. Department of State program, administered by Howard University that seeks to attract and prepare outstanding young people for careers as Foreign Service Officers in the U.S. Department of State. Candidates must be graduating seniors or college graduates with strong academic records and a desire to promote positive change in the world. The program encourages the application of members of minority groups historically underrepresented in the Foreign Service, women and those with financial need. Applicants with any undergraduate major are welcome to apply. Selected fellows will receive support for graduate school and will enter into exciting and rewarding careers representing the United States overseas. Program Benefits An orientation to the Program and the Foreign Service at Howard University in Washington, D.C. in late spring 2018 Two summer internships, one on Capitol Hill in summer 2018 and one overseas at a U.S. embassy or consulate in summer 2019. Up to $37,500 annually toward tuition, fees and living expenses for a two-year master’s degree in fields related to the Foreign Service such as Business Administration, Economics, Public Policy, and International Relations at a U.S.-based institution. Mentoring from a Foreign Service Officer throughout the duration of the fellowship. Employment in the State Department Foreign Service for those who successfully complete the program and meet Foreign Service entry requirements, in accordance with applicable law and State Department policy, with each Rangel Fellow committing to a minimum of five years of service. Eligibility requirements U.S. citizenship Seeking admission to graduate school in fall 2018 for a two-year program in an area of relevance to the Foreign Service at a U.S.-based institution Cumulative grade point average of 3.2 or higher on a 4.0 scale at the time of application About the U.S. Foreign Service Foreign Service Officers in the U.S. Department of State are responsible for formulating, implementing and supporting U.S. foreign policy. Their work includes analyzing political and economic events around the world; negotiating with foreign governments; assisting U.S. citizens abroad; educating foreign audiences about American culture and values; and managing an embassy’s operations. They are engaged in foreign policy issues such as conflict resolution, human rights, environmental and health issues, nuclear nonproliferation, and educational exchange. A Foreign Service career is much more than just a job; it is a uniquely demanding and rewarding way of life. Foreign Service Officers work in Washington and in more than 250 diplomatic posts worldwide. As representatives of the United States, Foreign Service Officers have a direct impact on people’s lives, witness history in the making, and help create and implement U.S. policy. Application Deadline September 21, 2017 Program Contact rangelprogram@howard.edu 202-806-4367 or 877-633-0002 Learn more at  www.rangelprogram.org.

Monday, June 22, 2020

Even the Rain Movie Analysis Utilitarian Philosophy - 1100 Words

Even the Rain Movie Analysis: Utilitarian Philosophy (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Tutor:Course:Date:Even the Rain Movie AnalysisUtilitarian PhilosophyHappiness and consequentialism are the main elements embedded in utilitarianism. Happiness in the utilitarianism is the superior kind of happiness that most humans long to have. Utilitarianism considers anything that contributes towards happiness as being significant and useful. Therefore, utilitarian is derived from the doctrine of utility; utility is embedded in everything that contributes to both individual and community happiness. Additional the consequentialism element in utilitarianism philosophy attributes to the fact that every action taken must be judged depending on its consequences on the happiness of most people. Hence, most people are forced to halt their search of happiness if their actions lead to a decrease of happiness to other individuals or community (Albee 1). The freedom towards the search of happiness should not affect other people happiness including their well-being. Indi vidual liberty is measured with the perspective and in respect with the freedom exercised by other individuals in the community. According to ethics, utilitarianism is explained depending on the quantitative and reductionist approach. The philosophy tends to advocate for equality and consideration of interest towards the impacts they bring to the society. An individual, in case the actions call for any concern that devalues individual or community happiness they are rejected (Barrow 52). Utilitarianism focuses mostly on the result of measures to determine if they are worthy. Actions should be classified as morally acceptable or wrong depending on their consequences. Therefore, the consequences concept in utilitarianism constitutes of the good and bad derived from an act, regardless of whether it has cropped up during the action or after its performance. In short, the consequences rely on its intrinsic value; the good or the bad held within the action or what is derived from its asso ciation.Kant PhilosophyKant focuses his philosophy in a moral perception of the community. As a systematic thinker, Kant integrates his moral philosophy in a coherent system of thoughts interlaced with metaphysics, political philosophy, aesthetics, etc. From the moral perspective of the society, we are considered equal such that no one is privileged. The consequences derived from our actions are morally irrelevant since they are beyond our control. The only thing that can be used for the moral evaluation of our efforts is the will because that is under our control as individuals. Kant states that the only thing that is acceptable without consideration is a good will. Therefore, for an individual to be considered morally upright, he or she should have goodwill. Individuals might acquire several social and natural benefits such as wealth and health or virtues such as courage and friendly but that does not qualify them as being good. Kant argues that the moral behavior does not guarant ee an attainment of being happy (Byrd and Hruschka). However, good will is indispensable for deserving happiness. Kant states that having a will that respects the moral law and derives acts from freedom is the goodwill. According to Kant, morality applies to intelligent individuals and the moral actions are measured by our reasoning rather than emotional impulses. Kant insists that humans should behave in a way that results in Maxim depending on the universal law; he calls it categorical imperative.' According to Kant, there are no ifs in moral actions. Categorically imperative demand morality to work because the motive is appropriate not because there is a particular consequence expected in the end. When the morality law is embraced universally, individuals will appreciate that it applies to everyone equally. Kant explains that morality is based on freedom and autonomy; meaning people act on their free will not depending on the impulses or passion.Even the RainThe film is politica lly inclined since it makes comparisons between Europe imperialism and modern globalization. Icar Bollan sets the movie to portray how developing countries were exploited during the colonial eras. The film exploits the Indians just as Europe imperialism did during Columbus time. The film highlights the poverty status in the district to an extent where a California company has purchased the land rights and aims at charging the Indians for drawing water from their wells. The film goes again Kant philosophy, which advocates for embracing the universal moral laws that require everyone to gain equality regardless of their status. However, utilitarianism would have given justification concerning the exploitation depending on the consequences that are derived at the end. Depending on utilitarianism, the weak cannot survive without a helping hand and therefore, the Indians needed the European imperialists for their survival (Ebert). The only way for survival and progress was through becomin g part and being assimilated in a group and having responsibilities that would ensure the happiness and fulfillment of the community. Analysing from utilitarianism perspective, the rioting experienced in Cochabamba was expected because when the society is not satisfied with the actions of an individual, they demand their happiness (Mulgan). The riots are due to the excessive fee charged for water leading to the production of the film being interrupted. The film explores the influence of Spanish imperialism s...

Saturday, May 23, 2020

The Importance of Academic Freedom Essay - 728 Words

The Importance of Academic Freedom What is academic freedom? Some might say, but really without even knowing it everyone with a social media profile if proof that academic freedom is alive and well. Academic freedom gives everyone the right to express their views in speech, writing, and through communication without fear of prosecution, unless the rights of others are violated. There are many elements of academic freedom such as; principles of academic freedom, electronic communication and academic freedom, the opposing side reasons for not wanting academic freedom. In order to understand academic freedom one must understand the principles. Since the beginning of time people have wanted to question certain things that they did not agree†¦show more content†¦Electronic communication is a newer part of the academic freedom because electronic communication has only been around for about the last 15 to 20 years. Some would suggest that the overriding principle would come into play seeing as it should be covered under freedom of speech since it is online conversation. Electronic communication is becoming a new vital extension to academic freedom because of online schools. It’s like forums and conversations online between students and teachers that are submit online in class. Research can now be done online through your phone or on social media because if you are doing a project and you choose to use online resources as long as your references are good, then there should not be any problems. Electronic communication is the newest and fastest growing way of communication. some people will disagree that they do not think that people should be allowed say, write, or publish whatever you want. Academic freedom is one of most important things that have been implemented into all schools but some would disagree. The professors and educational scholars that disagree are ones that do not want to attack the engagement of an intellectual argument, but to keep it suppressed. To understand why someone would want to suppress the minds and thoughts of their students, you really have to look at the generation in which the person grew up in. in the times before the 80’s, 90’s, and to days generation most parents did not want their children toShow MoreRelatedObscenity In Fun Home. ​​Should It Be Acceptable To Implement1379 Words   |  6 PagesBechdel’s Fun Home to incoming freshmen as a requirement in their summer reading programs. Though some professors might argue the issue of academic freedom, the narrative’s obscene nature could violate the morals and beliefs of some students. Consequently, the education curriculum would not be â€Å"rede eming social importance† (Rault 100). Teachers might defend academic freedom; but because the theme of sexuality in the narrative superfluously uses lewd sexual imagery, the moral principles of some students couldRead MoreThe State Of Librariancy : Article Analysis1355 Words   |  6 Pageswould make a good source for my research. Childs, L. (2017). To Uphold and Resist: Protecting Intellectual Freedom through Progressive Librarianship. Serials Librarian, 73(1), 58-67. Laura Childs’ scholarly article on using progressive librarianship to protect intellectual freedom does not take a neutral position. She argues that librarians cannot be neutral and also defend intellectual freedom. The author does an extensive literature review following standard research methods to reach her conclusionsRead MoreReflective Paper959 Words   |  4 PagesImportance of Academic Honesty your name Class number Date Instructor Name Importance of Academic Honesty This paper will explain the importance of academic honesty in students’ life. â€Å"Academic honesty means the performance of all academic work without cheating, lying, dishonesty of any kind, getting any unauthorized assistance and favors from anyone† (Valdosta State University). Academic honesty helps to motivate students to become better human beings. It is very important aspect ofRead MoreBasic Motives Behind Academic And Industrial Science1371 Words   |  6 Pages Basic Motives Behind Academic and Industrial Science and the Differences in Their Practice Zahra Hussaini Griffith University Academic and industrial science are organisations in which research and development (RD) is carried out, albeit with different motives and practices. The purpose of this paper is to compare the key drives, or basic motives, behind the types of science and explain how they relate to the differences in their practice. Academic science, in simple terms, entailsRead MoreGraduation Speech On Student s Achievement Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pagesand instructors develop a good working relationship, it creates a positive long lasting effects on the student’s social and academic development. This paper delves into this topic specifically breaking the subject into four section namely; instructors expectations, students expectations, How to make the most of the learning relationships, understanding of the academic freedom and finally how conflicts between instructors and students should be handled in a learning environment. Instructors’ ExpectationsRead More2.1 The Birth Of Free Speech . It Is Difficult To Pinpoint1267 Words   |  6 Pages2.1 THE BIRTH OF FREE SPEECH It is difficult to pinpoint the exact time or year in which the concept of free speech emerged. It has been argued over and debated since the time of ancient Greeks, freedom of speech has always been an indispensable condition of what it means to be a free person. The first known martyr to the principle of free speech was Socrates. In 399BC before his jury to city state of Athens he was tried for corruption the morals of Greek youth and he said that he would ratherRead MoreTeacher Handbook Essays1546 Words   |  7 Pagessame personal freedoms as private citizen, but need to make sure their personal choices do not affect their ability to perform in the classroom as a school board employee. The following is a teacher handbook outlining the rights and responsibilities of teachers including: academic freedoms, freedom of association, and freedom of expression, freedom of religion, employment rights and responsibilities, and code of ethics. Academic freedom Teachers are afforded a limited amount of freedom with regardsRead MoreVarying Concepts of Freedom1515 Words   |  7 PagesThey answered clearly that freedom mean the capability to develop from one’s own labor and what was necessary to do this was the access to land. What was Freedom? The understanding of freedom of African-Americans was simply molded by their experiences as slaves and how they observed the free society surrounding them. African-Americans were delighted with the chance to demonstrate their freedom through liberation from regulations that were involved with slavery. Freedom during that time alteredRead MoreThe Importance Of Recess At Global Monarch Academy850 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Recess in Elementary School Remember when you were little and someone asked you what your favorite class was? If you were like me or any of my peers, without thinking about it your response was â€Å"Recess!† It was not that the other classes were not as enjoyable, it’s just that the freedom we got: socializing with friends, running around, and being as loud as we could without getting in trouble. Much has been made of the role of recess at Global Monarch Academy. Yet little has beenRead MoreSchool Uniforms : Educating Students Dress Safely Essay1511 Words   |  7 PagesSchool Uniforms: Educating students dress safely In today’s era society is forgetting the importance of dressing with ethics when it comes to education. Back in the days it was imperative to wear properly clothing to go to school, the elderly just to say that it was a representation of oneself and it showed how important the studies were for the individual. Therefore, school uniforms, must increase academics, improve behavior, safety and prevent thefts. To begin with, a diminutive history about this

Monday, May 18, 2020

Essay about Alienation in Modern Society - 1275 Words

Alienation in Modern Society I will compare and contrast Mike Newells Dance with a Stranger and Danny Boyles Shallow Grave in terms of alienation. The reasoning behind my choice is that these two films have explicit characteristics in the frame of alienation. Both highlight modern alienation in terms of alienated sexuality, isolation, normlessness whereas Newell discusses alienation also in class and gender difference perspective; Boyle discusses alienation in the working place as an alienated labour. To begin with, when we examine Dance with a Stranger, we see Ruth, David, Desmond and Andy as films main characters. Ruth is the most alienated character in this film. Firstly, she was a manager of a night club, she was taking care†¦show more content†¦Dancing requires paying attention to your partner, however Ruth failed to do this, she couldnt overcome her desires and create self-sustain bounds. So these failures of her, lead to social alienation in modern society. Yet another means, the visual elements of Dance with a Stranger displays specific lighting techniques to clarify the ambiguity about the characters behavior and relationships. In the foggy scene, everything is in dark; there is incapability of seeing the whole. This emphasizes the uncertainty in the world by means of alienation problem, lack of understanding the whole. Soon after foggy scene, sequence goes on in darkness, just two characters in shots and there is no other people around them their relationship alienated from societys regular relationships. there is impossibility of clear vision which points out our perspective is limited to see and give meanings to all the things which are going on in our social world, this brings meaninglessness likewise alienation. Similarly, Danny Boyles Shallow Grave has alienated characters in modern society. David*, Juliet and Alex are the main characters of the film. After having cut the dead body of the forth roommate, David* began to behave strange. He isolated himself from others and moved to loft. He escaped from his social responsibilities and didnt go to his workplace. He realized that how he could be violent, he feels insecurity because the modern life seemed unpredictableShow MoreRelatedKarl Marx And Emile Durkheim1316 Words   |  6 Pages There used to be a time when societies consisted of a ruling class and a class that was ruled. Those in the class that was ruled, the â€Å"proletariat†, worked under the instructions and demands of the class that was ruling, the â€Å"bourgeoisie†. Although the proletariats were overworked, they were underpaid - but were paid enough to barely survive. However, all of that had changed when Capitalism and industrialization have been introduced to the world. Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim had different viewsRead MoreThe Enlightenment : The Age Of Reason1126 Words   |  5 PagesReason, was an important period in the history of Western Civilization during the 17th and 18th centuries - a time of social turmoil where societies were divided between social groups and struggled for freedom, equality and democracy (Seidman, 2008: 6). This time gave rise to remarkable social thinkers, known as Enlighteners, who pioneered a new science of society (Seidman, 2008: 5). These highly educated Enlighteners believed the world could be rationally understood and organized by applying a scientificRead MoreKarl Marx And Alienation ( 2000 )1034 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx and Alienation (1,800 – 2,000 words) Introduction about Marx (1818 – 1883): mention the materials that are going to be used to back up your points (minimum of 5 scholarly materials) Karl Marx (1818 – 1883) was a German theorist who had taken the theory of alienation into consideration. He was also involved in communist party in Germany, trying to overthrow the class system. Marx had been banished from Germany for his critical thinking, and moved to England where he had become a communistRead MoreWhat Is Distinctive And Modern Society?1483 Words   |  6 Pages What is distinctive about ‘modern’ society? Before discussing what is distinctive about ‘modern’ society it is important to get a working definition of what is meant by ‘modern’. Broadly speaking it is when traditional values that would make a traditional society are ‘rejected’. Many contemporary sociologists look at modernity with a classical view taking thoughts from Marx and Durkheim, two theorists that have strong opinions on modernity. Such sociologists as Giddens (2013), whom uses the workingRead MoreMax Weber s Views On Alienation Essay1085 Words   |  5 Pages Elwell (2015) discussed Max Weber’s views on alienation and explained how Weber considered alienation to be a consequence of the intense rationalization process that has greatly affected Western culture (p. 239). According to the Glossary of Social Sciences, Alienation refers to a phenomenon in which individuals feel as if they have no power or control over the social institutions that they themselves have helped c reate (Elwell, 2013). Alienation occurs when individuals experience disaffectionRead MoreModern Times By Charlie Chaplin Essay1706 Words   |  7 PagesMy example that I will be using is Modern Times by Charlie Chaplin. Modern times is a film developed after the industrial revolution. It serves the purpose of critiquing capitalism and the social world. Modern Times begin with a factory worker who starts developing anxiety through the lack of breaks and repetitive work. When the Worker is on break, his boss is always keeping an eye on him and demands him to go back to work due to the loss of production. Soon after, the factory worker goes on lunchRead MoreOutline and discuss Marxs theory of Alienation Essay1585 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Outline and Discuss Marx’s Theory of Alienation Karl Marx’s Theory of Alienation is the assertion that through Capitalist industrial practices, the worker will experience a series of feelings of disconnection from integral parts of the labour process and ultimately, from humanity itself. I will argue that this theory will be relevant as long as the reign of Capitalism dominates modern society. Marx advocates that the only way alienation can be alleviated is through the destruction of the currentRead MoreKarl Marx And Max Weber1003 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Karl Marx and Max Weber both made tremendous contribution on the development of Sociology. Their studies and theories still have significant meaning for modern sociologists to explore the social world. As Weber are born after Marx about several decades, his theories are influenced by Marx to a great extend so that Weber finds much common ground with Marx. Their conceptions about religion,capitalism, social class and power are in some ways compatible. The aspects of their study areRead MoreThe Metamorphosis Isolation Essay1491 Words   |  6 Pagescharacteristic shift from the beauty and innocence of romanticism to the cold harsh reality of life after World War I. Kafka’s lifelong alienation intersects with his work where he draws on his personal experiences to create a protagonist that draws on Kafka’s life. At the opening of the twentieth century, World War I shifted the previously progressive mentality of society as a result of the newfound levels of human potential of destruction. Prior to The Great War humanity had never experienced the massiveRead MoreMarx s Critique Of Capitalism And Society Essay1705 Words   |  7 PagesAlienation was a topic of central importance to the young Marx, which analysed the way in which society organises itself around the modes of production and how this materialistic structure (particularly in a capitalist society) can lead to a sense of estrangement or separation of a worker from the product of his labour. In order to demonstrate this theory of alienation, I will examine it in relation to Marx’s critique of capitalist society and will then proceed to talk about the different forms and

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Racial Tensions And Attitudes Toward Police Essay

Learning About Racial Tensions and Attitudes Toward Police in the Criminal Justice System â€Å"I’m tired physically and emotionally. I swear to God I love this city, but I wonder if this city loves me. In uniform, I get nasty, hateful looks, and out of uniform some consider me as a threat (Grinberg, 2016).† Those were the words posted by on Facebook by Montrell Jackson, an African-American police officer in Louisiana a few days before his assassination. CNN, a popular news sources released actual photos of the screenshot of his Facebook post. Jackson was murdered in an ambush by a shooter on July 17, 2016. Gavin Long, the suspect, was also an African-American male. Evidence suggests that long was furious, outraged, and disappointed in the Criminal Justice system (Grinberg, 2016). As a result, Long decided to take matters into his own hands. This incident is proof that police officers are faced with hardships daily and they must always expect the unexpected. I t is also proof that the Criminal Justice system could use improvement, but violence is not the answer. Saying that, police officers understand that the moment they put on their badge, their duty is to serve and protect. Many police departments are currently working on reconstructing their public image and public perceptions so that they can become more appealing (McNeeley Grothoff, 2015). Although police officers may be often misunderstood and judged improperly, the correlation between racialShow MoreRelated Racial Inequalities and Tension Essay1344 Words   |  6 Pagesby the day and heavy, racial social boundaries no longer exist, racism, prejudice, and stereotypes still exist. â€Å"The problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color-line† (McQuade 391) says it the best; racial and ethnicity still remain underlying causes for conflicts and many other national issues as said in the text. Supporting its own claim, the text refers to the essay â€Å"This is how we lost to the white man† by Ta-Nehisi Coates to reemphasize the racial tensions and differences existingRead MorePolice Brutality And The Police1585 Words   |  7 PagesPolice brutality and office involved shootings have sparked national debate and created a strain between police officers and citizens. Recently, there have been more home videos that display acts of aggression by police officers. These police officers often use excessive forces or a condescending tone towards people of color which is why there needs to be a better way to mend police and civilian relationship. People should be able to trust the police in their communities rather than fear them. PoliceRead MoreCause Of Racial Discrimination1039 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the twentieth century, racial tension became a core problem in the United States after African Americans started to migrate from the South to North for industrial jobs. As the United States became engulfed in World War II, war industries were nationalized and Franklin Delano Roosevelt banned discrimination through the Executive Order 8802. As African Americans moved to cities with abundant war factories to advance their economic status which challenged White Americans social status andRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Society s Attitude Toward Pointing Out An Apparent Ongoing Struggle Between Whites And Blacks1668 Words   |  7 PagesWhy are so many of the top stories in the news adversarial and geared toward pointing out an apparent ongoing struggle between whites and blacks? Is it because society is only interested in hearing about what is going wrong in the world, or is the media trying to create controversy and increase racial tensions to garner larger television audiences and sell more newspapers? Many stories in the news relate to racism: police brutality, education, crime; the media has a way of portraying these mattersRead MoreRacial Profiling in Canada Essay examples1300 Words   |  6 PagesThere is dispute regarding what defines racial profiling. Critics ask Is it racist, or is a necessary part of law enforcement. Racial profiling is identified by Adele Cassola in her article as unjust whereas Denyse Coles argues that racial profiling is necessary and is not considered racism. According to the Ontario Human Rights Commission â€Å"Racial profiling is based on stereotypical assumptions because of one’s race, colour, ethnicity, etc.† whereas criminal profiling â€Å"relies on actual behaviourRead MoreRacial Bias By White Police Officers Essay1228 Words   |  5 Pagesby white police officers towards minorities. Implicit bias, specifically racial bi as, describes a psychological process in which a person’s unconscious racial belief (stereotypes) and attitudes (prejudices) affect his or her behaviors, perceptions, and judgments in ways that they are largely unaware of and typically, unable to control (Graham). Research centers for the study of racial bias have developed experimental studies to help understand how race can, for instance, influence a police officerRead MoreThe Movie Crash Essay1568 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican American thieves who steal their car, a racist police officer who offends an African American TV producer and harasses his wife, a non-racist police officer, a Latino lock maker, a Persian family and another African American detective in the search of his brother. The plot of the movie intersects all characters lives and their attitudes towards each other after 9/11, while making the audience question the validity of prejudices and racial stereotypes. In this brief essay, we are going to discussRead MoreThe Problem Of Police Officers Are A Sign Of Protection, Safety, And Justice1233 Words   |  5 PagesPolice officers are a sign of protection, safety and justice. Their presence around a community is to help establish the feeling that the community is under watch all the time, helping some feel at ease, while making others feel tension and hatred. The past activities of a police force have left everlasting impressions in some people’s minds, making them feel that the police is out to get them, not help them, then pushing these feeling of animosity onto the next generation. This type of behaviorRead MoreThe Law Enforcement Is Resolving The Increasing Death Of Young African American Citizens Essay1408 Words   |  6 Pagesthe police force and the community along with the dignity and accountably to the police department. Is highly imperative the solution would be to identify police forces, and bridging the widening gap between the forces and the African American community, in order to build and foster trust. In the end, there needs be an end to racial profiling of any citizen races such as Latinos, Jews, minorities and poor, will help build a nation/community that accepts diversity and all cultures. The police needsRead MoreThe s Messa ge Of Hope And Salvation1225 Words   |  5 Pagesunlawful act is reported, the police may not record it (102). The number and extent of unknown offenses will forever be a subject of speculation. Clearly, nobody will ever know exactly the number of criminal offenses that are perpetrated, but valid attempts at measuring these numbers should continue, thus keeping this topic top of mind. Another component in the area of short-comings is one of exaggeration. A great example was provided by the authors in that a police department may â€Å"crack-down† on

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Merchant of Venice Portia Essay - 1793 Words

The Merchant of Venice is a play set in a very male and Christian dominated society where other religions and women rights weren’t very well accepted by the community. However Portia, a rich woman who had previously been controlled by men, triumphs as she manipulates tricks and saves the lives of the men. We see how she is manipulated by men through her father, who though dead, still manages to control who she marries from his will. He states in his will that from three different caskets the suitors will have to chose, in each of which will contain either a letter to the suitor or a picture of Portia. In one of the three caskets, either the lead, silver or gold casket, there will be a picture of Portia the suitor picking the casket†¦show more content†¦He also says that ‘his furnished with my opinion, which, bettered with his own learning’ so Bellario is saying that Balthazar has a great knowledge but with the opinions and thoughts of Bellario’s experience he has a greater knowledge than Bellario himself. By writing ‘the greatness whereof I cannot enough commend’ this is saying that he is speechless when it comes to the amount of knowledge that Balthazar seems to have, this could almost in it self make the Duke want to see Balthazar because to say, for example, that someone was so beautiful that you couldn’t put it into words, you would want to see for yourself just how beautiful this person is. He then repeats flattery at the end of the speech ‘I leave him to your gracious acceptance’ this suggests that he doesn’t want to over-do the whole letter because if he had ended it, for example, with ‘please, please take him I promise you that he will be the best and that if you don’t there’ll be consequences’ which possible makes him think that he’s not that good and that Bellario made it up to get out of the court hearing, but he leaves it in the Dukes hands and lets him make the decision. She adds persuasion at the end by saying that the trial would be better with Balthazar’s presence. Another example of Portia fighting back is when Portia uses trickery to make Shylock stick exactly to the bond causing him to be condemned to Christianity and to giv e half of his belongings to Antonio and the other half toShow MoreRelatedEssay on Portia of William Shakespeares The Merchant Of Venice617 Words   |  3 PagesPortia of William Shakespeares The Merchant Of Venice The merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare in which is a drama, it shows us mercy, love and forgiveness. In this essay I’m going to write about Portia in comparison to the other male characters in the play. Shakespeare has created some very interesting characters in Bassanio, Antonio and Shylock. Bassanio and Antonio are good friends and they like most characters in the play, dislike Shylock the Jew. They haveRead More Merchant of Venice Essay: The Character of Portia1961 Words   |  8 PagesThe Character of Portia in Merchant of Venice  Ã‚      In his Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare wants the reader to admire Portia, arguably the most powerful character in the play. However, it is easy to mistake the word ‘admiration’ to mean simply a liking of someone’s positive virtues. Rather, we should like Portia because of those things that make her a multi-faceted character. Though she can appear to be an â€Å"unlessoned girl,† she is also conniving, manipulative, and powerful. Three examples thatRead MoreThe Roles of Portia and Shylock in The Merchant of Venice Essay1776 Words   |  8 PagesIn Shakespeare’s comedic tragedy, The Merchant of Venice, one prejudice is very central to the theme. The play is dominantly set in Venice, one of the most liberal cities of the Renaissance era. In this place and time period, anti-Semitism is very much in force. The Jewish people are discriminated against and treated terribly by the Christians living in Venice. Shylock, a wealthy Jew, is mercilessly spurned ma ny times by men like Antonio, a Venetian merchant. In contrast to this blind hatred is theRead MoreThe Rings of Power: Symbolic Exchange in the Merchant of Venice1595 Words   |  7 PagesThe Rings of Power: Symbolic Exchange in The Merchant of Venice Rings are significant to the narrative of The Merchant of Venice for several reasons. Firstly, as symbols of love, wealth and power. Secondly, as a means through which Portia gives and then regains control of herself, her weath and power and finally, the theft and sale of Leahs turquoise ring acts as a source of sympathy towards Shylock and allows him to parallel the Christian husbands, Bassanio and Graziano. A ring is, in andRead MoreThe Three Plots of The Merchant of Venice779 Words   |  4 Pages Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice is a simple story line with three distinct plot lines incorporated into each other intricately. These three plot lines are the bond plot, the casket plot, and the ring plot, each equally vital to the meaning and conclusion of the play. In this essay, I will discuss the roles of the characters in the plot, the symbols, images, and rhetorical figures central to each plot, and finally how the events of the three plots are intertwined. The first sign that the threeRead More Merchant of Venice Essay: Antonios Love for Bassanio1721 Words   |  7 PagesAntonios Love for Bassanio in The Merchant of Venice  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Antonio feels closer to Bassanio than any other character in The Merchant of Venice. Our first clue to this is in the first scene when, in conversation with Antonio, Solanio says, Here comes Bassanio, your most noble kinsman, / Gratiano, and Lorenzo. Fare ye well: / We leave you now with better company (i. i. 57-59). Once Antonio is alone with Bassanio, the conversation becomes more intimate, and Antonio offers an indebted BassanioRead MoreSituational Humor In The Merchant Of Venice994 Words   |  4 PagesThe Merchant of Venice – Assessment Task 2 How relevant are the comedic conventions in engaging a modern audience? The use of humour in a play can amuse, entertain and lift the spirits of the intended audience. Shakespeare wrote plays using many comedic conventions that were engaging and relevant in Elizabethan times. Many of these comedic conventions are still highly relevant in engaging a modern, 21st century audience. This essay will explore the elements of situational humour and irony throughRead MoreCritical Essay: the Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare - Shylock Character Study1406 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Essay: ‘The Merchant of Venice’ - Shylock Character Study Shakespeare’s play ‘The Merchant of Venice’ starts off in Venice with Shylock as a simple money lender. His intentions seem reasonable to begin with, he sounds a nice man then he does a soliloquy saying how much hatred he has for Antonio, the Christian who treated him disrespectfully. Shylock conflicts his emotions again and speaks to Antonio in a joking manner which in his mind turns out to be the truth. In the playRead MoreEssay about Merchant of Venice Film Analysis2451 Words   |  10 PagesEnglish 101-210 Final Draft Battle of the Directors The Merchant of Venice, also known as â€Å"The Jew of Venice† is a drama play originally written by William Shakespeare in 1598. The major conflict occurs when a man named Antonio (Venetian merchant) fails to pay off a loan to a greedy Jewish money loaner known as Shylock who demands a pound of flesh from Antonio in return. Antonio and his friends take a journey through friendship, love, and hatred in an attempt to free him of his pound of fleshRead MoreMerchant Of Venice Essay Outline956 Words   |  4 Pages The Merchant of Venice Essay Outline Introduction: Hook: The theme is the main subject or message of a story. It is used to give depth and enhance the plot. The themes of The Merchant of Venice are used throughout the story of the play to make the plot move along and to encourage the characters into action. Bridge: When you read The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare there are many themes throughout the play and many lessons to be learned. Main Ideas: The most important themes are hatred

A lasting impact Free Essays

America forever, it was a decade of prosperity, fast cars, jazz, speakeasies, and â€Å"wild† youth. How did America attained all these new qualities in such a short amount of time? It’s simple, a growing economy, newfound culture, and changes in society. This essay will discuss how the economy,culture and society all impacted the 1 sass. We will write a custom essay sample on A lasting impact or any similar topic only for you Order Now Henry Ford’s model T automobile Is one of the Inventions of the ear that helped shaped the economy. Ford’s idea of the assembly line and mass production helped Improve the production of not only cars but other material goods as well. In addition, Henry Ford’s cars were fairly priced making them easily accessible to all Americans. With the demand of cars growing, more materials were needed to build these automobiles. This stimulated the the glass, fabric, rubber, and gasoline Industries, and along the way helped establish the motel Industry. The model T was not the only thing that Influenced the sass. The technological improvements in the radio made it possible to connect the entire nation, creating a mass-culture. Everyone was tuned in to their favorite radio shows and listened to Duke Elongation’s and George Gershwin’s latest hits. Similarly new technology made it possible to watch movies with sound and color. With these improvements people lost their ethnic culture and became more Americanizes. The music of the 1 sass is often blamed for the radical social changes in young peoples activities and ideals. Much different from their parents, many youth in the sass embraced their sexuality. Young women had raised hemline, bobbed hair, and wore red lipstick. Women also started to advocate for their right to contraceptives, as well as campaign for equal rights. Socially, the people of the sass broke away from their traditional ideals and modesty and became more liberated, especially women. In a final analysis, the sass economy, culture, and society changed the ways of America forever. The new production of cars, style of music and fashion set the stage for a modern America, and no one can deny that fact. Since then America’s economy has been a consumer based economy, velveteen in culture, and short he miles by the decade. A lasting impact By Uninspired cars, Jazz, speakeasies, and â€Å"wild† youth. How did America attained all these new society all impacted the sass. Henry Ford’s model T automobile is one of the inventions of the ear that helped improve the production of not only cars but other material goods as well. In addition, With the demand of cars growing, more materials were needed to build these automobiles. This stimulated the the glass, fabric, rubber, and gasoline industries, and along the way helped establish the motel industry. The model T was not the only thing that influenced the sass. The technological The music of the sass is often blamed for the radical social changes in young How to cite A lasting impact, Papers

Essay on Gender Equality

Question: Write about the Essay on Gender Equality. Answer: The structure under which females are treated at par with their male counterparts in every aspect is known as gender equality (Correa-Fernandes et al., 2015). The concept of gender equality has been a major concern in the global economy. The acceptance of the third gender into the community and providing them equal opportunity can be termed as gender equality too. Along with modernization and globalization, the participation of women in the economic activity rose sharply. They started becoming more independent and wanted equal treatment in the social, cultural and economic aspects of their life both within their domestic and working domain (Sen Mukherjee, 2014). This essay tries to construct a brief argument on the existence of present day gender equality within the global economy. Gender equality is necessary for the smooth functioning of a nation but statistical data reveals the existence of inequality and biasness among the gender groups in the world and is measured by the tool of Gender Inequality Index(GII) (www.hdr.undp.org, 2015). According to the human development report published by UNDP it can be stated that inequality still persists and the depth of inequality is quite large in some countries. Earlier data from the year 2008 suggests that the country ranking 1st in GII index has 17.4% inequality and the country with the highest degree of biasness has 81.4% inequality. According to the report of 2015, the country named Slovenia ranks first in the GII with an inequality of around 1.6% only. Saudi Arabia ranks 56th in the inequality index with existence of 28.4% inequality. Yemen is the country showing the highest degree of gender inequality. The inequality in Yemen is around 74.4% (www.hdr.undp.org, 2015). The argument that can be put forward with this data is that there is existence of Gender Inequality within the Global economy. People strive towards attaining equality in the society with respect to the gender group but end up creating discrimination between them. The stages where any women and people belonging to the third gender usually face discrimination are in their families, work groups and in between the peer groups. Gender inequality within the family takes in the form of male child receiving the maximum attention, in the work place they are offered better salaries (Sen Mukherjee, 2014). The reason behind the existence of three different gender group is purly biological and depends on the ways in which genes mutation. It is not in any peoples hand to choose their gender but still they discriminate based on this criterion. A recent issue of gender inequality at work place shows that females are paid less and given lower ratings even if they perform better than the male workers. According to the news published on the Fortune in 2015 it has been observed that the top-level company named Microsoft Corpo ration faced legal issues in this regard. Katie Moussouris, a loyal employee of Microsoft filed the case in the Seattle Federal Court against this discrimination of wages based on the gender of employee (www.fortune.com, 2015). Data also suggests that out of every 4 person from LGBT community 3 person are tortured in their workplace. Even the calculation of GII contains two-gender group, male and female, whereas the third group are assumed non-existing. All these fact clearly indicates the presence of inequality. The above scenario can be wrapped up by stating that facts suggest there has been an improvement in terms of reduction in disparity. The minimum level of inequality existing in the world decreased from 17.4% to 1.6%. The global economy is trying to overcome the problem of biasness through different policies and awareness programs. Recently people of LGBT community are getting vocal regarding their acceptance in the society and workplace and establishment of their rights, as their existence is normal like the existence of the other two groups. If each individual person changes their views on gender discrimination and accept humans as equal, then it can be expected that gender equality is going to be established in future. References: Correa-Fernandes, M., Dumas, B. K., Jones, C., Mbarika, V., Ong'oa, I. M. (2015). Gender and Development: A Literature Review. Gender Inequality Index (GII) | Human Development Reports. (2015). Hdr.undp.org. Retrieved 13 January 2017, from https://hdr.undp.org/en/content/gender-inequality-index-gii Rao, L. (2015). Fortune.com. Retrieved 13 January 2017, from https://fortune.com/2015/09/16/microsoft-gender-discrimination-suit/ Sen, G., Mukherjee, A. (2014). No empowerment without rights, No rights without politics: Gender-equality, MDGs and the post-2015 development agenda.Journal of Human Development and Capabilities,15(2-3), 188-202.

Friday, May 1, 2020

Pharmacology Assignment free essay sample

Using either a graph or table (Refer to page 22 for help with graphs and tables) use two goods to construct a production possibilities curve. Clearly explain what a variety of different points on the curve mean. What would make the curve expand or contract? Why is efficiency lost at the extremes, as when substantially more of one good and very little of another is produced? I am currently self-employed and deal with online sales on a daily basis. My business is based on sales at eBay and Amazon, I have multiple products that I buy wholesale and sell at retail price. I would like to choose the situation where orders are to be prioritize based on the quality of the order and how I decide which order are to be taken cared of first. For example what I mean is when I get order a lot of them can include different quantities of the same product and also they can include different products combined in one order. We will write a custom essay sample on Pharmacology Assignment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the case where I am running out of stock which rarely happens but as we all know sometimes it happens, I have to make the decisions on which orders to cover with the amount of stock that I have in that product. So if I have 20 orders to fill and only have enough product to fill X amounts f orders I would normally prioritize the orders that have the most product in them, per say an order of 6 bottle of the product that I sell which is called Bully Max, I would rather fill the bigger order because of the simple fact that they mean more profit and a more potential customer as well. This behavior causes problems and one that comes to mind is efficiency, when operating at high volumes it is lost. This is because sometimes when having to much to do one looses focus and fails to deliver the best possible customer service ultimately affecting the business. The customers re expecting to be treated equally and if they pay for the product and do not receive it in time they will be very upset and perhaps not buy from again affecting my business negatively. Problem #2 Part A: Go to the internet auction site [emailprotected] at www. EBay. Com and select the category Jewelry and Watches, followed by Loose Diamonds and Gemstones, and then Diamonds, Natural. How many natural diamonds are for sale at the moment? Note the wide array of sizes and prices of the diamonds. In what sense is there competition among the sellers in this market? How does that competition influence prices? In what sense is there competition among buyers? How does that competition influence prices? At the time I checked, there where 771002 listings under natural diamonds. As the McConnell, C. , Brute, S. , Flynn, S. (2012) explains that shift to the right, as from S 1 to S 2 in Figure 3. 5 , signifies an increase in supply (p. 53). This is exactly what would happen in this case because as the supply of the diamonds goes up , the curve will be shifted to the right, and will also decrease prices. As more members Join eBay. Com it meaner that there are more buyers and this will automatically increase the demand of these goods as well. Also explain on (p. 50) on the McConnell text. Problem #2 Part B: Describe what would happen if an outside agency determined the prices eBay could charge. It is very unlikely that this would occur, because members of eBay who sale products on the site usually if not always own the product being sold, therefore no one should be able to dictate the price at which owned goods could be sold for. In the rare case that this was to happen, it would control the quantity of demand for the goods whatever they are, in this case the natural diamonds. So when prices are set high the demand goes down and when the prices are set low the demand increase, so it is relative to the market. McConnell, C. , Brute, S. , Flynn, S. (2012) explains that, change in quantity demented is a movement from one point to another point ”from one price-quantity combination to another”on a fixed demand curve. The cause of such a change is an increase or decrease in the price of the product under consideration (p. 53). So as I stated above everything is relative to the market demands at that particular point in time. Problem #3: Read the LAST word feature on markets for human organs on Page 66 of your text. Next, select a social problem where free markets are not allowed to function and describe how free market tortures could be introduced to help alleviate the problem. As part of your answer also include a discussion of the risks of introducing market mechanisms in situations where ethical issues are present. Your answer should be approximately two pages long and in PAP format. I would like to talk about prescription drugs. It is a very big problem in our society now days, people are getting addicted to these drugs more and more every single day. The reality is that these drugs are extremely harmful and more addicting than anything else out there. Some medications have psychoactive (mind-altering) repertories and, because of that, are sometimes abused”that is, taken for reasons or in ways or amounts not intended by a doctor, or taken by someone other than the person for whom they are prescribed. In fact, prescription and over-the-counter (ETC) drugs are, after marijuana (and alcohol), the most commonly abused substances by Americans 14 and older (Prescription drugs). This is a growing problem in our society and not until recently here in Florida there was no way of tracking how much patients where being prescribed, this brought a lot of people who live out of state to come in and visit multiple pain clinics and obtain as many filled restrictions as possible since the doctors where prescribing so many pills for any injury to Just collect the money. This is a problem and even though it has been forcefully intervened there are still clinics dispensing these drugs left and right pretty much killing people or worst making them desperate addicts. The government needs to stop this because our offspring will be growing in a they are medical grade. These drugs are good dont get me wrong, but only for the correct purpose for example people who have real pain due to injuries, and they should not be prescribed in the amount that they do. I have know people who have en prescribed up to 300 painkillers per month, 300, this meaner that it was totally k with the doctor that this person consumed 10 pills per day which usually leave you totally impaired and inoperable at those doses. The governments needs to concentrate on this particular problem and get it under control instead of investing so much of our money on trying to make other less harmful substances illegal and worry about the ones that are legal but are being miss prescribed and making the population dependent of these drugs. The drug companies are mainly guilty of this outbreak of pill addicted patients, hey have medications for every single thing you can imagine, and I mean anything. If you feel weird in the morning, they have a pill for that, if you feel a bit sad they have a pill for that, if you get upset a lot they have a pill for that, if you cant concentrate they have a pill for that. The point that I am trying to make is that these companies invest up to 1 billion dollars and 8-12 years to develop a new drug (Lips Sharp). This is why they push and push for every single possible opportunity to make the consumer addicted to such medications so that they can get their initial investment back and make tons of profit before the patent expires.

Saturday, March 21, 2020

Apparent altruism in non-human animals Essay Example

Apparent altruism in non-human animals Essay Altruism can be described as an act or behavior in which is advantageous to another but at a cost to the organism carrying it out. Apparent altruism is the concept that although a behavior may seem to be fully altruistic or selfless, there is actually a benefit gained by the individual implementing the act. Charles Darwin, he who initially presented the Theory of Evolution in 1859, was bewildered about the reasons in why altruism occurs between animals. Part of his problem was that he did not have any knowledge concerning genetics. He believed that all characteristics in living organisms were solely passed on by a process of blending. He also believed that individuals lived to reproduce. Hence, if a parent, say a mother bear, were to protect her cubbased on his theory it would not benefit her in any way, as it would not increase her ability to reproduce later on. After Darwin passed away, however, many theories emerged and became the many explanations in why altruism takes place in n on-human animals. One of the great problems of Darwins theory of evolution was its incapability to justify the development of the queen bee and sterile worker bees. How could such a group evolve if its members could leave no offspring to breed the sterile worker traits? In 1963, Hamilton resolved Darwins paradox by presenting the Kin Selection Theory. His theory states that any individual that pass on genes to the future generations is performed, not only by means of their own reproductive success, but also by improving the reproductive potential of their relatives. Hamilton (1963) established the term inclusive fitness to describe the degree to which apparent altruism is shown depending on the genetic relatedness between individuals. The relatedness between a parent and a child is 1/2 (as the child will inherit half of each parents gene); siblings relatedness is 1/2, also regarded as offspring equivalents; a grandparent and a grandchild, 1/4, and so on. According to this theory, the closer the inclus ive fitness, the greater the cooperation and altruism. We will write a custom essay sample on Apparent altruism in non-human animals specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Apparent altruism in non-human animals specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Apparent altruism in non-human animals specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Kin Selection explains situations such as the reproductive altruism in social insects. Female worker bees forgo their reproduction ability to nurse queens young. By doing so, they increase their inclusive fitness by more than 1/4 (however always less than 1/2, as it would never reach to the mother-daughter point). This would seem more reasonable than if any female worker bees decided to leave the hive, reproduce on her own and in the end, losing all of her inclusive fitness to zero as a result of losing all protection, warmth and food from her hive. In 1981, Sherman observed Kin altruism between Beldings ground squirrels. It was such that close-related squirrels (such as mother-daughter, sister-sister relationships) did not show any aggressive behavior towards each other; it was even observed that they often helped each other in defending their young ones and sign alarm calls at the sight of predators, while unrelated females were observed to be highly aggressive. In North Mexico, female nurse prairie dogs feed offspring belonging to her siblings. The female prairie dogs give up resources belonging to them and provide it their siblings offspring because as they keep them fed and fit, she increases her inclusive fitness. The male prairie dogs, in the meanwhile, sit on the burrow rim and give warning barks to help others escape from predators. He, by giving these alarm signals, would not only increase his inclusive fitness (helping the females and offspring be alarmed and escape), but may also receive a reciprocal favor by others later in the future. This can be explained by another theory found by Trivers (1971) known as Reciprocal Altruism. Reciprocal altruism is the process by which an individual will perform an altruistic act towards another in exchange for the second individual returning the altruistic favor some time in the future. The end result of this exchange leaves both individuals with an increased personal fitness. Wilkinson (1984) observed altruism performed between Vampire bats. They regurgitated food for one another in hoping to build up a relationship based on mutual exchanges of favor. If ever a bat would not return a favor, the cost of being denied a meal having once cheated is very high. Trivers was aware of the possibilities, hence he indicated that reciprocal altruism would only evolve in species where individuals could recognize each other and apply punishments to those who refuse to reciprocate. The tit for tat strategy (Axelrod and Hamilton, 1981) works by each animal responding so that a cooperative behavior is followed by a cooperative behavior, and a defection is followed equally by mutual defection, as happens among bats. Sentry meerkats risks attack by giving alarm calls to others. This act will cost danger in his part, perhaps even death; however, it is assumed that the act will be reciprocated in the future. Young male baboons without mates will work together to steal a dominant males mate (Packer 1977): one baboon distracting the dominant male while the other mates. The cost to the baboon (the risk of being injured by the dominant male) is far outweighed by the genetic benefit gained by the baboon mating. However, later on, when the male, which carried out the previous altruistic act, is ready, the second baboon will return the favor by being the distraction. Mutualism, or return effects, occurs where individuals will cooperate and help one another because as a team, they can achieve more than working alone. Caraco and Wolf (1975) observed a mutual effect between lionesses; they hunt together to bring down wildebeests. Induced altruism- also referred to manipulation or social parasitism-is the act of asking for help from others and utilize it as a tactic aimed at cheating. Brood Parasitism, the laying of eggs in another birds nest, is an example of induced altruism performed by cuckoos and a number of other species (Davies and Brooke 1991). Beetle grub begs for food from the passing ant and then preys on them. Aspidontus, a fish whose appearance resembles the cleaner fish Labroides, instead of cleaning the host fish, approaches and bites into its flesh. Charles Darwin was aware that his theory of evolution contained flaws; he did not manage to understand the reasons why altruism occurred; why an individual would carry out a certain act or behavior to help others while, in the meantime, disadvantaging themselves. However, with the help from Hamilton, Trivers, Wilkinson and other researchers, we can now apply the knowledge of genetics that we possess today, and, to a certain extent, explain and justify the reasons of altruism. Research has indicated that for apparent altruism to occur, there must be something in return; compensations such as a genetic reward (increasing their inclusive fitness, key: Kin Altruism), or a long-term reward for the individual involved (personal fitness or self-interest, key: Reciprocal Altruism). But do animals always require something in return in order for them to act out a good deed? Well, there are instances in which true altruism occurs, but it is merely on a non-voluntary or mistaken basis due to som e kind of deception or manipulation (Induced Altruism) but other than that, we can pretty much assume that animals are down right selfish.

Thursday, March 5, 2020

Famous Quotes Reveal Heart and Soul of America

Famous Quotes Reveal Heart and Soul of America The United States of America was founded on the principles of liberty, and freedom is a value nurtured by every American soul. What is it like to be American? What is the American dream? How does this vast nation of diverse races and religions function as one undivided entity? Discover attributes that are intricately woven into the fabric of American life through these famous American quotes. Adlai Stevenson When an American says that he loves his country, he means not only that he loves the New England hills, the prairies glistening in the sun, the wide and rising plains, the great mountains, and the sea. He means that he loves an inner air, an inner light in which freedom lives and in which a man can draw the breath of self-respect. Max Lerner America is a passionate idea or it is nothing. America is a human brotherhood or it is chaos. Aurora Raigne America, for me, has been the pursuit and catching of happiness. Carrie Latet May I never wake up from the American dream. James Baldwin I love America more than any other country in this world, and, exactly for this reason, I insist on the right to criticize her perpetually. George Washington Government is not reason, it is not eloquence. It is force, and like fire, it is a dangerous servant and a fearful master. Thomas Jefferson I have sworn upon the altar of God, eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man. Abraham Lincoln Dont interfere with anything in the Constitution. That must be maintained, for it is the only safeguard of our liberties. Gen. George Patton No bastard ever won a war by dying for his country. You win the war, by making the other poor dumb bastard die for his country! Winston Churchill You can always count on Americans to do the right thing after theyve tried everything else. Gen. Douglas MacArthur Americans never quit. George W. Bush To those of you who received honors, awards, and distinctions, I say well done. And to the C students, I say you, too, can be president of the United States. Benjamin Franklin Where liberty dwells, there is my country. Theodore Roosevelt This country will not be a good place for any of us to live in unless we make it a good place for all of us to live in. O. Henry If ever there was an aviary overstocked with jays it is that Yaptown-on-the-Hudson called New York. Ayn Rand The skyline of New York is a monument of a splendor that no pyramids or palaces will ever equal or approach. G. K. Chesterton There is nothing the matter with Americans except their ideals. The real American is all right; it is the ideal American who is all wrong.